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Engineers design, develop, and build materials, machines, and systems by applying the principles of science and mathematics to create economical solutions to technical problems.

What specifically engineers do depends primarily on the type of engineer. There are mechanical, civil, chemical, electrical, and more types of engineers, which are further broken down into subcategories, leaving you with thousands of possibilities of what an engineer does. Engineers have a plethora of possible career paths and job opportunities, all of which can positively impact people’s lives.

What Does an Engineer Do on a Daily Basis?

Some of the most popular careers in engineering include electrical, mechanical, chemical, and civil engineering. Below, we describe examples of relevant industries these types of engineers work with, what they create, and projects they may work on:

1) What does an electrical engineer do?

Electrical engineers can find jobs in a wide range of engineering industries, such as aerospace, automotive, and consumer electronics. For example, electrical engineers design the interfaces that transfer electricity from an engine to an aircraft.

2) What does a mechanical engineer do?

Mechanical engineers, on the other hand, perform tasks like designing infrastructure, manufacturing personal hygiene products, or developing railways.

3) What does a chemical engineer do?

Chemical engineers carry out their careers inventing pharmaceuticals, running food processing operations, or even creating new electronic and advanced materials and polymers for future technologies.

4) What does a civil engineer do?

Civil engineers design, build, and supervise both public and private construction projects, such as airports, tunnels, dams, bridges, and water supply systems. There’s also a new sub-discipline of  civil engineering referred to as geotechnical engineering, in which engineers deal with the science of soils and rocks. So these kinds of engineers are busy analyzing and designing foundations, slopes, roadways, and anything else that’s made of soil and rock.

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Examples of What Engineers Create and Develop

Now you’re probably wondering, “But what do engineers do that will get me excited about a career in engineering?” Here are some interesting examples of how our daily lives are impacted  by the work of engineers.

Engineers Create Fashion Items 

The shoes on your feet were designed with the help of engineers. Companies like Nike have recruited teams of shoe engineers (yes, shoe engineers) to design shoes that meet certain biomechanical requirements while still maintaining comfort and protection.

Engineers Develop Experiences

Amusement park enthusiasts will be interested to know that engineers have made critical contributions to theme parks as well. Developing roller coasters, thrill rides, and controlling other aspects of the park itself, like lighting and crowd flow, are all left to engineers. The next time you go to a water park, you can thank a civil engineer for the slippery part of the water slide you’re gliding down.  In fact, the first Ferris Wheel, created in 1893 and containing 140-foot steel beams and a 45-foot axle, was also created by an engineer (George W. Ferris).

Engineers Create Special Effects

We’ve certainly all indulged in some good movies in our lifetime. Well, have you ever seen Jurassic Park, Star Wars, or Avatar? Computer engineers play a monumental role in the development of special effects for films like these.

Engineers Make Space Travel & Research Possible

If you’re a space enthusiast, take a moment and think about NASA’s manned Mars mission, scheduled to take place within the next decade. Aerospace engineers are working feverishly to develop the software, spacecraft, robotics systems, food, medical supplies, and other life-sustaining technology to support this mission. These engineers are at the forefront of making it possible for humans to survive on other planets.

Engineers Enable Technological Advancement

Drones, cars, smartphones, computers, aircraft, robots—any device or gadget you can possibly think of—has been imagined, designed, created, or overseen by an engineer.

Skills Needed to be an Engineer

Some of the soft skills that are most helpful in becoming and excelling as an engineer include being:

• collaborative.

• creative.

• fastidious.

• communicative.

• solution-oriented.

Technical skills for engineers are also critical but vary depending on your specialty. Some common technical skills for engineers include:

• Programming

• Data analysis

• Computer science

• Mathematics 

• Software development

We can’t possibly list every amazing thing engineers do or all of their attributes, but if you have the desire and drive to do something impactful yourself, engineering certainly gives you plenty of room to find your niche.

Pile foundations are structural elements, made of timber, concrete, or steel, that transfer loads from large structures to strong soil or rock layers deep underground. By reducing settlement, increasing stability, and supporting structures in challenging soil conditions, pile foundations are essential in constructing high-rises, bridges, offshore structures, and industrial facilities. Let's dive deep into the fascinating world of pile foundations and learn about their intriguing principles and classifications.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

• Basic Principles of Foundations
  
• Types of Foundations
  
• Classification of Pile Foundations
  
• Design Considerations for Pile Foundations
  
• Construction and Installation of Pile Foundations
  
• Pile Foundations on the FE Exam

What is a Foundation in Construction?

In construction, a foundation is the lowermost part of a building or structure that serves as a stable base to support the weight above it. Its primary function is to distribute the structural loads to the underlying soil or rock. Foundations are crucial for transferring loads safely, preventing excessive settlement, and ensuring the stability and integrity of the structure.

Foundations are essential elements that provide a solid and stable base for construction, ensuring structural integrity, load distribution, and overall safety.

Purposes of a Foundation in Construction

The purpose of a foundation in construction is to provide a stable and solid base for a building or structure. Foundations play a crucial role in transferring the loads from the structure to the underlying soil or rock in a safe and efficient manner.

A foundation provides level structure when building.

Foundations create a level surface for construction, allowing for the accurate and stable placement of walls, floors, and other structural components. They provide a supportive framework upon which the entire building or structure is erected.

A foundation distributes the weight of the structure.

Foundations distribute the weight and loads of the structure evenly to the ground, preventing excessive stress on any specific area. By spreading the loads over a larger area, foundations minimize the risk of settlement or structural failure.

A foundation supports a structure against natural disasters.

Foundations ensure the stability and integrity of the structure by anchoring it to the ground. They resist horizontal forces, such as wind or seismic loads, and prevent excessive movement or deformation. Foundations provide a solid base that keeps the structure in place, ensuring its safety and durability.

The Two Different Types of Foundations in Buildings

There are two main types of foundations: shallow and deep. Shallow foundations are used when the load-bearing soil is near the surface, while deep foundations are employed when the load-bearing soil or rock is at a greater depth.

Deep Foundation

A deep foundation is a type of foundation used when the load-bearing soil or rock is located at a significant depth below the ground surface. It is employed to transfer structural loads from weak upper layers to stronger soil or rock layers below.

Deep foundations, such as pile foundations, are essential when shallow foundations are insufficient or unsuitable due to soil conditions or heavy loads. They distribute the loads over a larger area and prevent excessive settlement or movement that could compromise the structure's stability and integrity.

Shallow Foundation

A shallow foundation is a type of foundation that is constructed near or at the ground surface to distribute structural loads to the stronger soil layers. It is commonly used for smaller or lighter structures where the upper soil layers have adequate load-bearing capacity.

Shallow foundations, such as strip footings, isolated footings, and raft foundations, are designed to prevent excessive settlement or movement by spreading the loads over a larger area of soil. They are less expensive and easier to construct compared to deep foundations but are limited to areas with suitable soil conditions near the surface.

Shallow foundations play a crucial role in residential buildings, small commercial structures, and low-rise constructions. They rely on the strength of the upper soil layers and do not require extensive excavation or reinforcement.

Site investigations and soil tests are conducted to assess the soil's bearing capacity and suitability for shallow foundations. Essentially, shallow foundations offer a cost-effective and practical solution for structures where the load-bearing capacity of the upper soil layers is sufficient.

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What are Pile Foundations?

Pile foundations are the most common type of deep foundation. They consist of long, slender columns (piles) made of materials like timber, concrete, or steel. Piles are driven or installed into the ground, reaching the load-bearing strata.

They transfer the loads vertically through the weak upper layers to provide stability and support. Deep foundations, including pile foundations, are widely used in the construction of tall buildings, bridges, and other projects where soil conditions require a deeper level of support to ensure the structure's safety and longevity.

Pile Foundation Design

Pile foundation design refers to the process of determining the appropriate configuration, dimensions, and specifications of piles for construction projects. The design process involves analyzing the soil conditions, structural loads, and other relevant factors to make sure the piles can effectively transfer loads from the structure to the underlying soil or rock layers.

Pile foundation design requires the expertise of geotechnical and structural engineers who utilize specialized software, engineering principles, and codes and standards to secure the stability and safety of the foundation system.

When to Use Pile Foundations

Pile foundations should be used when shallow foundations are inadequate to support the loads or when soil conditions pose challenges for stability and settlement control. They provide a practical solution for transferring loads to stronger soil or rock layers, assuring the safety and durability of the structure.

Test Your Knowledge of Civil Engineering With A Free PE Civil Exam Quiz

Types of Pile Foundations

There are several types of pile foundations commonly used in construction. Which type of pile foundation ultimately gets used and how they are installed depends on

• soil conditions
• load requirements
• site constraints
• construction methods
  

Each type of pile foundation has its advantages and limitations, and the selection depends on the specific project requirements and site conditions.

Bored Pile Foundations

Bored piles, also known as drilled piles or augered piles, are created by drilling holes into the ground and then filling them with concrete or placing reinforcing steel. Bored piles are commonly used in cohesive soils or rock formations and can provide high load-bearing capacity.

They are suitable for deep foundation applications and can be installed with or without casing, depending on the soil conditions.

Cast In Place Pile Foundations

Cast-in-place piles are formed by drilling a hole into the ground and then pouring concrete into the hole while withdrawing the drilling tool. The concrete is usually reinforced with steel rebar.

Cast-in-place piles offer flexibility in terms of diameter and depth, making them suitable for a variety of soil conditions. They are often used in cohesive soils and can provide high load-bearing capacity.

Composite Pile Foundations

A composite pile foundation is a type of pile foundation that combines different pile materials, such as concrete, steel, or timber, to optimize load-bearing capacity and performance. Composite pile foundations can provide advantages such as increased load capacity, flexibility in design, improved structural performance, and potential environmental benefits.

Concrete Pile Foundations

A concrete pile foundation is a deep foundation system that utilizes cylindrical or square columns made of reinforced concrete to support and transfer structural loads to the underlying soil or rock layers. Concrete piles are driven or installed deep into the ground to reach load-bearing strata.

Concrete pile foundations can be advantageous because they provide high load-bearing capacity, resistance to vertical and horizontal forces, durability, and are suitable for various soil conditions.

Concrete pile foundations are commonly used in the construction of structures with very heavy loads, such as bridges and high-rise buildings.

Driven Pile Foundations

Driven piles are installed by driving them into the ground using impact hammers. The most common materials for driven piles are concrete, steel, and timber. Use this method for pile installation works for a wide range of soil conditions and are relatively easy to install. Driven piles can be precast or cast-in-place and are available in various shapes, such as H-piles, pipe piles, and timber piles.

Micropile Foundations

Micropiles, also called mini piles or pin piles, are small-diameter piles typically ranging from 100mm to 300mm. They are often used in limited-access sites or in areas with weak soils or unstable rock formations.

Screw Pile Foundations

Screw piles, also known as helical piles or screw anchors, are piles with helical plates that are screwed into the ground. They are often used in areas with soft soils or where there are limitations on noise, vibrations, or access. Screw piles can be easier to install than other types of pile foundations because they don’t disturb the site as much as other methods.

Sheet Pile Foundations

Sheet piles are thin, interlocking sections of steel or concrete driven into the ground to create retaining walls or excavation support systems. They are commonly used in waterfront or marine projects and can withstand lateral loads and provide soil stability.

Steel Pile Foundations

A steel pile foundation is a deep foundation system that utilizes high-strength steel piles to support and transfer structural loads to the underlying soil or rock layers. Steel piles, which can be cylindrical or H-shaped, are either driven into the ground or drilled and filled with concrete.

Steel pile foundations are preferred when challenging soil conditions or high load-bearing capacity is required. As you can imagine, they provide lots of strength, are very versatile, and commonly used in the construction of bridges, marine structures, high-rise buildings, and industrial facilities.

Timber Pile Foundations

A timber pile foundation is a deep foundation system that uses cylindrical columns made of hardwood or treated softwood to support and transfer structural loads to the underlying soil or rock layers. Timber piles are cost-effective, easy to install, and environmentally sustainable.

They are often used in construction projects with relatively light loads, such as residential buildings and piers. However, proper treatment, protection, and maintenance are necessary to prevent decay or insect damage. Regular inspections and specific design considerations are crucial for maintaining these types of pile foundations.

Ultimate FE Civil Exam Study Guide

How to Install a Pile Foundation

Pile foundations are installed using various methods depending on the type of piles being chosen to use and the conditions of the construction project site.

• Driven piles are installed by repeatedly striking them with an impact hammer, while bored piles are created by drilling a hole and then filling it with concrete. 
• Cast-in-place piles are formed by drilling a hole and pouring concrete while gradually withdrawing the drilling tool. 
• Screw piles are twisted into the ground using specialized equipment.
  

The installation process of pile foundations requires lots of planning and preparation in order to successfully install them and have them last.

Mastering the Basics of Pile Foundations for the Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) Exam

Understanding the basics of pile foundations is an important topic when preparing for the FE exam. The FE exam will assess your understanding and proficiency in various engineering principles and practices, including the design and analysis of foundation systems.

Therefore, having a solid grasp of pile foundation principles and classifications will equip you with the necessary skills to address questions related to foundation design, load transfer mechanisms, and soil-structure interaction on FE exam day.

Test with confidence by reviewing what to expect on FE exam day. The Fundamentals of Engineering (FE exam) is administered year-round at NCEES-approved Pearson VUE test centers. Passing this exam is the first step to becoming a professional engineer. Prepare for exam day by getting answers to frequently asked questions, including what you can bring into the FE exam testing room. Learn about the structure of the FE exam and the question formats you will encounter so there are no surprises when you’re taking the test. We’ll walk you through everything you need to know about your upcoming FE exam. 

FE Exam Day FAQs

• What is the morning session of the FE exam? The FE exam is split into a morning session and an afternoon session. The morning session is more general and typically covers the first five semesters of engineering coursework. During the afternoon session, candidates have the option to take a discipline-specific exam or a general exam.

• Is the FE exam open-book? No, the FE exam is not an open-book exam. You cannot bring any FE exam prep books into the examination room.
  
  
• Can you bring notes for the FE exam? No, you are not allowed to bring notes for the FE exam. However, you will be provided with an electronic version of the NCEES® reference handbook to use during your FE exam.

• Should you bring writing materials to the FE exam? No, you do not need to bring writing materials to the FE exam. The NCEES will provide writing materials along with a laminated notebook and marker to use as scratch paper during your exam.
  
  
• Should you bring lunch or snacks to the FE exam? Yes, it’s a good idea to bring lunch, snacks, and water with you when you take the FE exam. You will have a 25-minute break to refuel and keep your energy up. Most states require food and drinks to be kept outside the examination room while you’re taking the FE exam.
  
  
• Can you drink water during the FE exam? Whether or not you can bring water into the examination room varies. We recommend checking with your testing center before exam day for confirmation.
  

The Structure of the FE Exam

Why is the FE Exam Unique?

Thinking about taking the FE exam? Download the Preparing for the FE Exam eBook.

FE Exam Question Types

The FE exam includes traditional multiple-choice questions as well as alternative item types (AITs), which measure your technical knowledge. All question types on the FE exam are scored as either correct or incorrect. Below is a list of the FE exam question types and how they work:

Multiple Choice Questions

• Select one correct answer from four given options.
• If you are unsure of what the correct answer is, you should make an educated assumption. You will not be penalized for a wrong answer.
  

Multiple Choice (Check-All-That-Apply) Questions

• Select all the correct choices from the list by clicking on each one.
• All of the correct answers (and only all of the correct answers) must be selected; there is no partial credit.
• If you change your mind, click on a choice to deselect it.
  

Point-and-Click (Hot Spot, or Mark Location) Questions

• Click on a single target, or hotspot icon, to place on the base image in the correct location or general area.
• If you change your mind, click again on your choice to unselect, or click on the new preferred answer.
  

Drag-and-Place Questions

• These questions may ask you to sort, rank, place, or label items. Confirm whether all items need to be chosen or moved, then be sure to sort, rank, place, or label each one.
• After you have decided the proper sorting, ranking, placing, or labeling, click and drag an object to the target spot.
• If you change your answer, you can move an object to a different open spot in the target area, or you can move it back to the starting area.
  

Fill-in-the-Blank Questions

• Read the answer specification carefully; it should state the number of decimal places for your numeric answer.
• Compute your answer, then round if needed to the required number of decimal places (0-4, round down; 5-9, round up).
• Do not enter the units for your answer.
• Do not spell out a number, like "four."
• If you change your mind, blank out the entire field before you enter another answer.
  

Case Study Questions

• May be multiple-choice, check-all-that-apply, hot spot, drag-and-place, or fill-in-the-blank.
• You are able to click on browser-like tabs on top of the computer screen to go back and forth between the case study scenario and resource documents provided.
  

You will also encounter several unknown FE exam questions which will not count toward or against your final score. These questions are “pretest items” and are used by the NCEES to determine the viability of new FE exam problems for future exams.

FE Exam Duration

How Much Time Should You Spend on Each FE Exam Session?

You can divide your time between the two sessions on the FE exam any way you’d like. For example, if you want to spend four hours on the first section, and one hour and twenty minutes on the second section, you can do so. Between sessions, you can take a 25-minute break. You can take less time if you would like, but you cannot work through the break, and the break time cannot be added to the time permitted for either session.

The FE Exam Clock

It’s important to use your time wisely and to keep an eye on the FE exam clock. Once each session begins, you can leave your seat for personal reasons; however, the “clock” does not stop for your absence. So every minute you spend out of your seat is one less minute you have to work on the exam. Unanswered questions are scored the same as questions answered incorrectly, so you should use the last few minutes of each session to guess at all unanswered questions.

The Week Before the FE Exam

As you are wrapping up your FE exam review, consider familiarizing yourself with the exam center; visit the testing center building, parking areas, examination room, and restrooms. We recommend packing two examination kits (see checklist below). The first kit includes items that can be left in your assigned locker (e.g., your admittance letter, photo ID, and extra calculator batteries). The second kit includes items that should be left in your car in case you need them (e.g., a copy of your application, a warm sweater, and extra snacks or beverages).

FE Exam Day Checklist

There is a limited amount of items you are allowed to bring into the testing room. Below is an FE exam day checklist:

• Your ID 
• Key to your test center locker
• One NCEES-approved calculator (without a case)
• Anything included on the Comfort Aid List
• Eyeglasses (without cases)
• A light sweater or jacket

Get our complete guide to what to bring to the NCEES FE exam.

The Day Before the FE Exam

If possible, take the day before the examination off from work to relax. Do not cram the last night before your FE exam. At this point, you have done all you possibly could for your FE exam review. A good prior night’s sleep is the best way to start the examination. If you live far from the examination site, consider getting a hotel room so you don’t have to travel far on exam day. Double-check that your exam kits are packed and ready to go.

The Day of the FE Exam

You should arrive at least 30 minutes before your scheduled start time. This will allow time for finding a convenient parking place, bringing your items to the testing center, and checking in.

During the FE Exam

Once the FE exam has started, observe the following suggestions. As you may have practiced during your FE exam review, do not spend more than four minutes working on a problem. (The average time available per problem is slightly less than three minutes.) If you have not finished a question in that time, flag it for later review if you have time, and continue on. Don’t waste time asking your proctors technical questions. Proctors are pure administrators. They don’t know anything about the exam or its subjects.

Good luck on your FE exam! 

The Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) Civil Exam is a critical step toward becoming a licensed professional engineer. Aspiring civil engineers need to pass this exam to prove their competency and gain entry into the engineering profession.

In this article, we will help you develop a study guide for the FE Civil exam that will streamline your study efforts and increase your chances of passing the exam on the first try. Whether you are a recent graduate or a practicing engineer looking to earn your license, this guide will equip you with the knowledge and tools needed to succeed.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

• Exam Overview
• Registration & Eligibility
• Preparing for the FE Exam
• Exam Day Tips
• Results and Scoring

FE Civil Exam Overview

Preparing for the FE Civil Exam can be an overwhelming task, especially for those who are new to the field. There is a lot of information to absorb and you may have limited time to study, which is why it’s a good idea to start off your exam prep by gaining an understanding of the exam before developing a study plan.

Thinking about taking the FE exam? Download the Preparing for the FE Exam eBook

Exam Format & Structure

The FE Civil Exam is a computer-based test administered by the National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying (NCEES). The exam consists of 110 multiple-choice questions and is split into two sessions, each lasting four hours. The morning session covers general engineering topics, while the afternoon session covers more specific civil engineering topics.

Curriculum Topics 

The FE Civil Exam is divided into several curriculum topics, which cover different aspects of civil engineering. Each topic has a unique amount of questions and subtopics to study.

Exam Dates & Deadlines

The FE Exam is not administered on Sundays or major holidays. Besides that, there are no specific exam dates or deadlines for taking the FE Civil Exam. You will be able to choose a date and time that works best for your schedule at NCEES-approved Pearson VUE test centers.

Pass Rates

The pass rates for the FE Civil Exam can vary from year to year, and really depend on how well each year's candidates prepared for the exam. The current pass rate for the FE Civil Exam is 55%. This represents candidates who were first-time exam takers, attended an EAC/ABET-accredited engineering program, and took the FE exam within 12 months of graduation.

Registering for the FE Civil Exam

To register for the FE Civil Exam, you need to create an account on the NCEES website and submit your registration and payment. You'll also need to provide documentation of your eligibility. The fee for the exam varies depending on your location but is typically around $175. Once you've registered and paid, you can schedule your testing appointment through the Pearson VUE website.

Eligibility Requirements

To be eligible to take the FE Civil Exam, most states will want you to be a graduate or senior in an ABET-accredited engineering program or have completed a post-secondary engineering program that has been evaluated and found to be equivalent to an ABET-accredited program. You can check the NCEES website for a list of approved programs.

How to Know You Are Ready To Register

There are two main factors to consider when deciding if you should register for the FE Civil Exam now or later. Have you prepared adequately for the exam and been scoring above 70% on your FE civil practice exams? If so, you are probably ready to register for the exam. 

If you haven’t prepared at all for the exam yet, set a study plan first so you have enough time to cover all the material. You’ll want to take a few practice tests to gauge how well you have learned the material before scheduling your exam date. Remember you can schedule to sit for the exam most days so there is no rush. 

How to Prepare for the FE Civil Exam

Preparing for the FE Civil Exam requires you to acquire knowledge of the exam curriculum, take practice exams and learn strategies to help you increase your chances of success on test day. 

Develop Your Study Plan

Step one of preparing for the FE Civil Exam should be to develop your study plan. It’s recommended that candidates spend 12-14 weeks preparing for the exam so make sure you give yourself enough time to cover each syllabus topic and take a few practice tests to gauge your progress. Each week, candidates should try to commit at least 12 to 14 weeks to studying for the FE Civil exam. That's about 3 hours each day for the entire 3-4 months you are preparing.

Incorporate NCEES FE Civil Reference Handbook Into Your Study Plan

NCEES offers all candidates a FE Civil Reference Handbook to use as a free study resource. Carve out a week in your study plan to review this handbook because it contains important information about taking an NCEES Exam.  

Utilize A Study Bundle

FE Civil Exam Prep Bundles are engineered to make sure you have everything you need to pass. You’ll have options to take Live Online courses, OnDemand courses, or study at your own pace with PPI Learning Hub. Look for bundles that contain extras such as diagnostic exams, Qbanks, and access to expert instructors.  

Take Practice Tests

Taking practice exams is a valuable way to prepare for the FE Civil Exam and can help you increase your chances of success on test day. Practice tests will help you get familiar with the format and structure of the actual exam. They will also get a sense of the types of questions you’ll encounter and identify any topic areas for improvement you may need. 

Practice tests can also help you develop test-taking strategies like learning how to eliminate incorrect answers and pacing yourself within the allotted time. 

Practice Time Management

Time management is an important skill to practice for the FE Civil Exam. By practicing these time management strategies you can become more comfortable with the pacing and structure of the FE Civil Exam.

Setting Realistic Goals

Before you begin studying, set attainable goals for what you want to achieve in each study session. This will help you stay focused and motivated and give you an idea of how much you can realistically achieve in one study session.

Use a Timer

Using a timer can help you simulate test conditions and give you a sense of how long it is taking you to complete each question or exam section. 

Prioritize Your Time

Use a diagnostic exam to figure out your strengths and weaknesses and then prioritize your time based on the areas you need the most help with. Finding out this information early on in your study schedule will help you stay on track and avoid wasting time

Test Your Knowledge of Civil Engineering With A Free PE Civil Exam Quiz

Take Breaks

Taking breaks is crucial when developing time management skills because you need to give your brain a chance to rest and recharge. Each person is different so figure out what works best for you and then stick to it.

Learn Your Calculator

You will need to use a calculator when taking the FE Civil Exam so it’s important to be familiar with the basic keys and functions of the approved calculators. 

Calculator Functions for the FE Civil Exam

• Trigonometric functions such as sine, cosine, and tangent
• Exponents and logarithms
• Matrices 
• Unit conversions

Approved Calculator Models for the FE Civil Exam

• Texas Instruments: All TI-30X and TI-36X models (Any Texas Instruments calculator must have “TI-30X” or “TI-36X” in its model name.)
• Casio: All fx-115 and fx-991 models (Any Casio calculator must have “fx-115” or “fx-991” in its model name.)
• Hewlett Packard: The HP 33s and HP 35s models only.

Test Day: Taking The FE Civil Exam

Undoubtedly test day will be a long day for you but we developed an entire NCEES FE Exam test day guide to help you be successful and prepared on exam day. 

Pearson VUE testing centers have strict rules and procedures that you must follow but in general remember to bring your proper identification, an approved calculator, and your appointment confirmation letter just in case. The testing center may also provide you with some materials like tissues and writing materials but it’s best to use a FE Civil Exam test day checklist to make sure you are prepared. 

FE Civil Exam Results and Scoring

To pass the FE Civil Exam, you must achieve a scaled score of at least 70 out of 100. The exam is scored using a process called equating, which ensures that the scores are comparable across different exam administrations.

When To Expect Your Results?

The length of time it will take for you to receive your FE Civil Exam score can vary based on your testing date and location but generally, you can expect to receive your results within 7-10 days of completing the exam. 

You’ll receive an email notification when your results are available in your MyCEES Account. In your account, you’ll receive a pass notification and a breakdown of your performance by topic area. If you do not pass the exam, you’ll receive a diagnostic report that highlights the areas where you need improvement. 

Retaking The FE Civil Exam

If you do not pass the FE Civil Exam, you’ll need to wait at least 16 days before retaking the exam. Take this time to closely review your diagnostic report and potentially give yourself more than 16 days to prepare for your next sitting. 

When retaking the FE Civil exam you may need to pay another exam fee. Some states may offer a waiver or other type of financial assistance so it’s best to check with your state’s policies.   

Ready To Start Preparing For The FE Civil Exam?

Passing the FE Civil Exam requires careful preparation, dedication, and hard work. By starting early, and signing up for a PPI Prep Course you’ll get everything you need to pass your FE Civil Exam.

The Fundamentals of Engineering exam is an important step for you to become licensed in your particular engineering discipline. Choosing your exam date will play a critical role in how you plan your studies and is typically done early on in your studies.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

• Steps To Register
• FE Exam Requirements
• When To Register
• Exam Schedule
• Exam Day Checklist
• Scores
• Re-taking the FE Exam

Steps to Register for the FE Exam

To register for the FE exam, create an NCEES account, select an exam discipline and location, and pay the exam fee. By following these steps, you can take the first step towards becoming a licensed professional in your field.

Create an NCEES Account

To create an account you will need to establish a username and password along with basic contact information with the National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying. 

Submit Required Documentation

When registering for the FE exam, you will need to provide some documentation to complete the registration process. The specific requirements may vary depending on your location and exam discipline, but generally, you will need to provide:

• Personal information such as your name, email address, and contact information
• Educational information like your school name and degree
• Some sort of ID like a passport or government-issued ID
• If you need special accommodations

Pay the FE Exam Registration Fee

In addition to the documents needed to register, you’ll also need to pay the exam fee using a credit or debit card. The cost can vary depending on location and exam discipline. The standard fee to register for the FE exam is $175 USD in most states. 

It's also worth noting that if you need to reschedule your exam or make changes to your registration, there may be additional fees involved.

Schedule an Exam Date

The FE exam is offered year-round at Pearson VUE test centers. Pick a date that gives you enough time to prepare for the FE exam. 

Note that some states may require you to have completed a certain number of credit hours or have a certain amount of work experience before scheduling an exam date. 

Before You Schedule an FE Exam Date Download the Preparing for the FE Exam eBook

FE Exam Requirements

The Fundamentals of Engineering exam is the first step in the process of becoming a licensed Professional Engineer in the United States. The requirements to take the FE exam may vary slightly by state, but generally include the following:

• Having the appropriate educational background
• Being 18 years of age or older
• Having a government-issued ID
• Registering and paying the exam fee

Education Requirements

The education requirements for registering for the FE exam can differ depending on which state or jurisdiction you are located in. Most states require applicants to have completed an ABET-accredited engineering or engineering technology program or an equivalent program recognized by the state licensing board.

In some cases, you may need to provide transcripts or degree certificates to verify your education. 

Some states may even have specific requirements related to the number of credit hours you have completed or the types of courses you have taken. 

Check with your state licensing board or the NCEES to determine the specific education requirements in your area before registering. 

Calculator Requirements

You are allowed to use a calculator on the FE exam. The NCEES allows candidates to use TI-30Xa or TI-30XaS, and the Casio fx-115ES, fx-570ES, or fx-991ES. 

Calculators should not be programmable and not have graphing capabilities.

When Should I Register for the FE Exam?

The best time to take the FE exam depends on your personal circumstances and career goals. Make sure you plan to spend around 12-14 weeks studying before registering. Some questions to answer to help you decide if you are ready to register for the FE exam can be:

• Are you currently in college or recently graduated?
• If your state has one, do you meet your state’s work experience requirement?
• Do you have enough time to study?
• Are you looking to pursue a PE license?

Ultimately, the decision of when to register is a personal decision that should take all of these factors into consideration. 

FE Exam Schedule

The FE exam is offered year-round at Pearson VUE test centers. In general, you can schedule an exam appointment on any available date and time that suits you, as long as you meet the eligibility requirements and register for the exam in advance. 

Some test centers may have limited availability during peak exam periods, such as around graduation time so it’s recommended that you schedule your exam date early on in your prep to ensure you can secure a date and time that works for you. 

Before FE Exam Day Checklist

You will undoubtedly be thinking about exam day the night before so to help you prepare for the FE exam consider developing a checklist of things to bring with you and be prepared for on exam day. 

1. Set a timer for when you need to leave in order to get to the testing center on time
2. If you are easily distracted by loud noises grab some earplugs
3. Pack your bag the night
4. Have a screenshot of your exam appointment confirmation
5. Make sure you have fresh batteries in your calculator
6. Plan your exam day breakfast ahead of time
7. Try to get a good night’s rest
8. Dress in comfortable clothes on exam day
9. Bring some of your favorite snacks and drinks to the testing center

FE Exam FAQs >>

How Long Till I Get My FE Exam Scores?

The length of time it takes to receive your FE exam scores can vary depending on which specific exam you took and where you took it but generally, you can expect to receive your results within 7-10 business days after the exam date.

Once your exam results are available, you will receive an email notification from the NCEES, and from there you can log in to your account to see your results. 

If you pass the FE exam your results will display that you are “approved” or “passed.” If you fail, you’ll see that you have “not been approved” or “failed.”

Next Steps After Passing The FE Exam >>

How Many Times Can I Take the FE Exam?

Normally, the NCEES will allow candidates to take the FE exam once during any two-month testing window and no more than three times in a 12-month period. 

If you do not pass the exam, you may need to wait at least 15 days before retaking the exam. After a third attempt, you might have to wait 12 months from the date of your last attempt to retake the exam.

Each state may have specific rules regarding the number of times you can take the FE exam or the length of time you need to wait before retaking, so check with your state’s licensing board for specific requirements in your area.

Ready to Start Preparing for the FE Exam?

Passing the FE exam requires careful preparation, dedication, and hard work. By starting early, and signing up for a PPI Prep Course you’ll get everything you need to pass your FE exam.

Civil engineering is a dynamic and challenging profession that plays a vital role in shaping the world around us. From designing and constructing infrastructure to developing sustainable solutions for our communities, civil engineers are responsible for a wide range of projects that impact our daily lives. 

In this article, we'll take a closer look at a day in the life of civil engineers, exploring the tasks they undertake, the challenges they face, and the skills required to succeed in this exciting field.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

• Civil Engineering History
• Civil Engineering Job Duties
• A Day in the Life of a Civil Engineer
• Civil Engineer Career Summary
• Becoming a Licensed Civil Engineer

Civil Engineering History

To give you a better idea of what all of these civil engineers actually do, let’s take a look at a few famous civil engineers from history. Benjamin Wright was declared the Father of American Civil Engineering by the American Society of Civil Engineers. Wright was the chief engineer during the construction of the Erie Canal. Squire Whipple is another important civil engineer in history, credited with designing and building a weight lock scale that possessed a 300-ton capacity and was used to weigh boats on the Erie Canal.

Civil engineers have also played major roles in improving our world, including assisting Haiti in its recovery after the 2010 disaster, constructing the Panama Canal, and designing the Burj Khalifa, the world’s second-tallest building.

Civil Engineering Job Duties

Civil engineers help shape our cities by designing transportation systems, creating school buildings, and figuring out how to turn natural resources into power for our homes. Their typical roles include managing teams, creating CAD models, and designing structures that meet particular clients’ needs. Other civil engineering tasks include:

• Analyzing survey reports, maps, drawings, blueprints, and aerial photography in order to plan projects efficiently
• Computing load and grade requirements, water flow rates, and materials’ stress factors for design specifications.
• Inspecting project sites and monitoring progress
• Estimating quantities and material costs (to determine project feasibility)
• Compiling public reports (bid proposals, environmental impact statements, and property descriptions)
• Testing soils and materials to determine their strength in different conditions for use in large projects

Test Your Knowledge of Civil Engineering With A Free PE Civil Exam Quiz

A Day in the Life of a Civil Engineer

1. Planning

2. Contract writing

3. Understanding government regulations

Thinking about taking the FE exam? Download the Preparing for the FE Exam eBook.

4. Project management

5. Construction management

6. Creating proposals

7. Meeting with clients

The Fundamentals of Engineering exam is a critical milestone for engineers on the path to professional licensure. Passing an FE exam is a requirement for becoming a licensed engineer in the United States. Each exam is designed to test your knowledge of fundamental engineering principles and your ability to apply them to real-world problems. Here are some tips, strategies, and study plans to help you prepare for the FE exam.

• Why Take the FE Exam
• How To Pass Tips
• FAQs
• FE Exam Prep Package

Why Should You Take the FE Exam?

Each state has its own set of laws and standards, but basically, it’s illegal to tell the public that you’re an independent engineer and provide specific services for them without a Professional Engineering license and passing the PE exam.

Though an engineer can work for a company, designing and manufacturing products, without being registered, due to certain product liability laws that protect the public, the person responsible for the work still has to be registered. Therefore, being a licensed engineer is a big deal if you want to climb the ladder in your profession.

The first Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) Exam was administered in 1965. Now it’s offered in seven discipline-specific modules

1. Chemical
2. Civil
3. Industrial
4. Electrical & Computer
5. Mechanical
6. Environmental
7. Other Disciplines

Tips For Passing the FE Exam

We recommend preparing with a combination of books and prep courses so there are no surprises on exam day. In addition to increasing your knowledge, this is also an effective way to reduce anxiety, ensure you have a solid study plan, and develop the proper techniques for time management.

Thinking about taking the FE exam? Download the Preparing for the FE Exam eBook.

1. Purchase the NCEES FE Reference Handbook

Get a copy of the NCEES Handbook. Use it alongside your FE Review Manual. You will want to know the sequence of the sections, what data is included, and the approximate locations of important figures and tables in the NCEES Handbook. 

You should also know the terminology (words and phrases) used in the NCEES Handbook to describe equations or subjects because those are the terms you will have to look up during the exam. The NCEES Handbook is available both in printed and PDF format. The PDF version includes search functionality that is similar to what you’ll have available when taking the computer-based exam.

PPI Pro Tip:  In order to find something using the NCEES Handbook PDF search function, your search term will have to match the content exactly (including punctuation).

2. Start Early and Make a Study Plan

In order to complete your review of all examination subjects, you must develop and adhere to a review schedule. Our prep courses provide a syllabus and homework schedule to keep you on track.   

PPI Pro Tip:  Near the exam date, give yourself a week to take a realistic practice exam.

3. Identify Your Weaknesses

Use the diagnostic exams in your FE review manual or in our PPI Learning Hub to determine how much you should study in the various knowledge areas. 

For example, if you’re going to take the FE exam with a focus on mechanical engineering, you’ll master topics such as dynamics, kinematics, vibrations, probability and statistics, mechanics of materials, heat transfer, and fluid mechanics, which may take some time.

PPI Pro Tip:  You can use diagnostic exams in two ways: before you begin studying to determine which subjects you should emphasize, or after you finish studying to determine if you are ready to move on.

4. Work Through Everything

The NCEES has reduced the number of subjects you are expected to know and has made nothing optional. Keep in mind during your FE exam review that skipping your weakest subjects is no longer a viable preparation strategy. You should study all examination knowledge areas, not just your specialty areas, and that means you study every chapter of your review book.

PPI Pro Tip:  Skip nothing. 

5. Be Thorough

Being thorough means really doing the work. During your FE exam review, be sure to solve each numerical example using your calculator, read through the solution, and refer back to the equations, figures, and tables it references. Reading the instructional text is a “high-value” activity. There isn’t much text to read in the first place, so the value per word is high.

PPI Pro Tip:  Everything your review book shows in blue is in the NCEES Handbook, so it has a high probability of showing up on the exam.

6. Complete as Many Practice Problems as Possible

You have less than an average of three minutes to answer each question on the exam. You must be able to recall solution procedures, formulas, and important data instinctively. The best way to develop fast recall is to work on as many practice problems as you can find; solve every example in your review book and every problem in the companion practice book. 

For example, if you’re taking the FE Civil exam, we recommend getting the Live Online course bundle, which includes FE Civil Practice, as well as the review book, two practice exams, and more. Don’t skip any of them. All of the problems were written to illustrate key points.

PPI Pro Tip:  Develop fast recall by working through as many practice problems as you can find. 

6. Take Care of Yourself

Give yourself a day or two before the exam to rest—we recommend not taking any practice exams during this time. Before FE exam day, eat a good meal, and try to get plenty of sleep the night before.

What Happens After You Pass the FE Exam?

FE Exam Frequently Asked Questions

What is the Most Challenging Aspect of Studying for the FE Exam?

The hardest part is staying committed to your study plan. It can be very difficult to find study time between work, social life, and other priorities. Learning how to adjust your schedule to fit in enough study time throughout your prep can be challenging.

What Study Materials are Most Useful?

A combination of online study tools and print books, both of which are included in our Live Online course bundles.

Can You Skip Questions on the FE Exam?

Yes, you can skip questions on the FE exam. You may encounter some questions during the exam that all you can do is guess and move on from. Spend most of your time on the questions and subjects you feel prepared for.

How Long is the FE Exam?

The FE exam contains 110 questions and lasts 6 hours long, which includes a 25-minute break. During this time you will also spend a few minutes signing a non-disclosure agreement and reviewing a tutorial of the exam interface.

Ready To Start Preparing For the FE Exam?

Passing the FE exam requires careful preparation, dedication, and hard work. By starting early, and signing up for a PPI Prep Course you’ll get absolutely everything you need to pass your FE exam.

What is the Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) exam?

The Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) exam is a 110-question, multiple-choice test developed by the National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying (NCEES). This computer-based exam is offered year-round at Pearson Vue testing centers and covers topics studied in undergraduate engineering courses. It’s the first of two engineering exams you must pass to become a licensed professional engineer (PE) in the United States. After passing the FE exam, also referred to as the Engineering-in-Training (EIT) exam, you earn an EIT certification and are considered either an engineer-in-training or an engineer intern, depending on your state. 

Who should take the FE exam?

The FE exam is designed for engineering students and graduates who want to take the first step toward becoming a PE. Most engineers take the FE exam during or immediately after their final semester as an undergrad so that exam knowledge is fresh in their minds. Taking the FE exam is not a degree requirement to graduate, nor is it an entrance exam for further education, like the GMAT. It is, however, an important career step for ambitious engineers who want to earn their license. Civil Engineers are often required to take the Civil FE exam at the beginning of their careers as they often won’t qualify for promotions until holding EIT certification. 

What are the benefits of taking the FE exam?

There are multiple benefits of taking the FE exam, especially if you’re looking to advance your career and earn a competitive salary. Below we discuss some of the advantages of taking the FE exam and earning EIT certification.

• Taking the FE exam is the first step toward PE licensure. This is the most important benefit of taking the FE exam, as it will set you up for a long and rewarding career. Once you pass the FE exam, you can take the Principles and Practice of Engineering (PE) exam and earn professional licensure after gaining approximately four years of experience as an engineer (depending on your state). Earning a PE license is a huge accomplishment and conveys to employers, the state, and the public that you meet the standards of professional competency, follow the rules for professional conduct, and protect the interest of the public. A PE license also gives you the authority to sign and seal plans and drawings. 

• Taking the FE exam offers you more career opportunities. Successfully passing the FE exam shows potential employers that you are committed to developing as an engineer and are serious about your career. Furthermore, some employers require you to pass the FE exam and earn EIT certification for certain jobs and promotions. Civil engineers, for example, are often required to earn EIT certification at the beginning of their careers. 

• Taking the FE exam differentiates you from your peers. Engineering jobs can be highly competitive, and if you’re looking to give yourself an edge in the job market, holding an EIT certificate can give you a leg up on the competition. Passing the FE exam proves you have mastered the fundamentals of engineering and are working towards professional licensure – something employers like to see on a resume. 

Will I get paid more if I pass the FE?

There is no guarantee that you will get paid more once you pass the FE exam. Salary raises are more likely once you’ve reached PE status later in your career. However, passing the FE exam is required to become eligible to take the PE exam. You are highly likely to earn a higher salary after passing the PE exam and earning your license. According to a salary survey by ASME, mechanical engineers who passed the FE and PE exams and earned licensure make $16,000 more per year than their unlicensed counterparts.

Whether or not you get paid more after passing the FE exam ultimately depends on your employer. Some employers will pay more for engineers who have passed the FE exam and earned their EIT certification. In fact, 40% of job seekers on Indeed said that earning their EIT Certificate helped them make more money. Civil engineers, for example, are often required to pass the FE exam early in their careers and are not eligible for promotions until they do. Once a civil engineer earns licensure by passing both the FE and PE exams, it is standard practice for that engineer to immediately get a raise.

What can I do with my EIT certification?

Passing the FE exam and earning EIT certification is necessary to become a licensed professional engineer. It demonstrates your mastery of fundamental engineering concepts and indicates you have completed the first requirement of becoming a PE. As an EIT, you can perform engineering work under the supervision of a professional engineer. 

The EIT certification itself does not grant you any privileges. In order to stamp and seal engineering documents, you have to reach PE status. Depending on your employer, holding EIT certification can make you eligible for certain promotions (and salary increases). Passing the FE exam and earning EIT certification is a major career milestone and a pivotal step on your way to becoming a professional engineer. 

Why You Should Take The FE Exam As Soon As Possible

We recommend you take the FE exam as soon as possible – either in the last year of your undergraduate engineering program or immediately after graduation. The FE exam tests your knowledge of engineering concepts you’ll have studied in school, so it’s ideal to take the exam while those concepts are still top of mind. Even if you aren’t sure about your career goals at this stage, taking the FE exam and earning EIT certification will help your career growth and enhance your resume. Taking the FE exam early in your career also gives you plenty of time to gain relevant work experience if you do decide to take the PE exam down the road.

Which FE exam should I take?

The FE exam is offered in seven disciplines. It’s up to you to choose which FE exam to take, depending on your career goals. When deciding between the exams, consider the specialty you are most interested in as well as the pass rates for each exam. If you don’t know which specialty to pursue, you can take the FE Other (General) exam, which combines topics from all the disciplines. Below is a list of all the FE exams as well as their pass rates as of January 2022, according to data from NCEES. 

1. FE Chemical - 73% pass rate

2. FE Civil - 62% pass rate

3. FE Electrical and Computer - 73% pass rate 

4. FE Environmental - 70% pass rate

5. FE Industrial - 62% pass rate

6. FE Mechanical - 71% pass rate

7. FE Other Disciplines - 65% pass rate 

What happens after you pass the FE exam?

Passing the FE exam is a significant achievement in your engineering career. Now that you’ve passed the exam, you may be wondering what happens next if your ultimate goal is to become a PE. Below is a step-by-step process of what you should do after passing the FE exam.

1. Send your transcript to your state board to get an EIT certificate.

2. Start studying for the PE exam.

3. Gain experience working as an engineer.

4. Take the PE exam.

5. Become a professional engineer after passing the PE exam!

It’s important to note that requirements for PE licensure vary from state to state, so be sure to check with your state’s licensing board on their current list of requirements.

How do I prepare for the FE exam?

The FE exam is known to be a challenging exam, and effective prep is critical to passing on your first try. When creating your study plan for the FE exam, you’ll want to incorporate our six steps for successful FE exam prep. This includes taking practice tests, purchasing a copy of the NCEES FE Reference handbook to use alongside your FE Review Manual, and more. The best way to study for the FE exam is to start early and stay organized. Take the FE exam as soon as possible, and utilize all the resources available to you as you work through your FE exam prep. 

How do I sign up for the FE exam?

The FE exam is offered each year during four testing windows: January - February, April - May, July - August, and October - November. You can take the exam up to three times in one year. All FE exam disciplines are administered year-round at Pearson VUE Test Centers. Once you’ve chosen your exam date and discipline, you may be wondering how to sign up for the FE exam. The fastest way is to register via the NCEES website for the most up-to-date exam schedules based on your state. A fee of $175 will need to be made payable to NCEES. Some state licensing boards may require you to file a separate application and pay an application fee as part of the approval process to sit for an NCEES exam. 

How long should I study for the FE exam?

How long you should study for the FE exam depends on you as an individual. In general, we recommend 12 to 14 weeks of serious study for a minimum of three hours per day. However, FE exam prep time varies depending on which FE exam you plan to take. Each exam has different questions and a different number of test-takers. For example, the FE Civil exam is the most popular FE exam, and engineering licensure is very common in the civil engineering industry. Because of this, many civil engineering college programs offer FE exam prep review to help their students prepare for the FE exam, which means they need less time to prepare for the FE exam on their own. 

It’s also important to review FE exam pass rates to determine how long you should be studying. Yet another factor is how long you’ve been out of school. We recommend engineers take the FE exam during their last year of undergrad or shortly after so that the skills they learn are fresh in their minds. The longer you’ve been out of school, the longer you may need to study for the FE exam. 

What FE exam prep courses should I take? 

We offer industry-leading FE exam prep courses to help you maximize your test prep and succeed on the FE exam. Our courses cover every topic on the exam and provide you with NCEES-approved materials. No matter your exam date, learning style, or availability, we have an FE exam prep course that will fit your needs. 

To supplement your exam prep, we also offer free tools and resources for every type of engineer. Check out our FE Exam Resource Center for more information about the FE exam and earning PE licensure, download our exclusive free eBook on Preparing for the Fundamentals of Engineering Exam, and get answers to frequently asked questions about the FE exam straight from our experts. 

We’re here to help you at every stage of your engineering career, so don’t wait - start your FE exam prep with PPI today!

The EIT License and Certification is a professional designation you receive after passing the NCEES FE exam (Fundamentals of Engineering exam) and completing a degree from an ABET-accredited school. “EIT” is an acronym that stands for Engineer-in-Training. This designation is often referred to as “EIT certification,” but it can be used interchangeably with “EIT license” or “EIT FE certification.”

The EIT certification authority is each individual state’s engineering board. While an EIT certification doesn’t give you license to practice as a PE (professional engineer), holding this certificate signifies that you have successfully completed the FE exam. This is the first exam you’ll need to pass in order to become a PE.

What's the difference between the EIT and EI designations?

There is no difference between the EIT and EI (Engineering Intern) designations regarding engineers’ level of expertise. NCEES recognizes both EIT and EI certifications. The two designations are used to describe engineers who have passed the FE exam but have not earned professional licensure. The nomenclature varies depending on your state.

Benefits of earning your EIT certification

Earning an EIT certification has multiple benefits for engineers.

• An EIT certification showcases your industry knowledge. Passing the FE exam and earning an EIT certificate are huge milestones in your career and demonstrate your competence with fundamental engineering concepts that every graduate should know.
  

• An EIT certification improves your job prospects. Having EIT certification on your resume can set you apart from other candidates when you apply for jobs. It shows employers that you are committed to learning and are working toward professional licensure. 

• An EIT certification advances your career. Getting an EIT certificate is one of the most important things you can do for your career in engineering. It demonstrates that you have mastered the fundamentals and are on the road to earning your PE license and a higher salary. 

Is becoming an EIT worth it?

Becoming an EIT is worth it for most engineers, but it’s essential for those planning to take the NCEES PE exam (Principles and Practice of Engineering exam) and become fully licensed professional engineers. You are not eligible to take the PE Exam without first passing the FE exam and thereby earning EIT status. Furthermore, having EIT certification can be required for even some entry-level engineering positions. The certification can also help set you apart from other candidates in a competitive job market.

Does having an EIT license increase your salary?

Earning an EIT license or certification may increase your salary, depending on your employer and industry. 

Civil engineers are required to pass the FE exam at the beginning of their careers. Most employers will not promote civil engineers until they have passed the FE exam and earned an EIT certificate, so if you’re eyeing a promotion with a higher salary, earning EIT status is crucial. 

For other engineering disciplines such as mechanical, electrical, or chemical, passing the FE exam is not required prior to employment. In fact, some employers may value an EIT certificate more than others. However, earning an EIT certificate demonstrates your mastery of engineering fundamentals and your motivation to advance in your career, which may help you earn a promotion or higher salary.

Ultimately, passing the FE exam and earning EIT certification is necessary to become a licensed professional engineer. Once you’ve completed those steps and passed the PE exam, you will earn a higher salary as a fully licensed professional engineer. An increase in annual salary can be anywhere from $2,000 to more than $10,000 once you’ve achieved PE status. 

Studying for the FE Exam? Download the Preparing for the FE Exam eBook. 

How to Get an EIT Certification

Wondering how to get EIT certification? See below for the step-by-step process to register for the NCEES FE exam and receive EIT Certification. 

1. Review state or local requirements. Requirements for EIT certification vary slightly depending on where you live. Be sure to check state or local requirements as you begin the process.
   

2. Register with NCEES. Visit the NCEES website to create a MyNCEES account and register for the FE exam. The FE exam is computer-based and can be taken anytime during the year at a Pearson VUE test center.
   

3. Study for the FE Exam. Most engineers take between 3-6 months to study for the FE exam. It is recommended that you take the exam during or just after your senior year so concepts are fresh in your mind.

4. Pass the FE Exam. FE exam results are available 7-10 days after you take the exam. You can review current FE exam pass rates on the NCEES website. If you fail the FE exam, you can retake the test in the following 3-month time window, up to three times per year. NCEES will also provide you with a diagnostic report letting you know which study areas to focus on for next time.

5. Apply to your state board for EIT Certification. Once you’ve passed the FE exam, contact your state board to officially receive EIT certification. You’ll have to submit an application and pay the required fee. Exact requirements will vary by state. 

How long does it take to get my EIT certification?

How long it takes for you to get EIT certification depends on the amount of time it takes you to complete an ABET-accredited engineering program and pass the 6-hour FE exam. If you pass the FE exam shortly after graduating from college, the process will take just over four years. However, if you choose to delay taking the FE exam after completing your engineering degree, the process will take longer. It is highly recommended that you take the FE exam during or just after the last year in your degree program while concepts are fresh in your mind.

How to List EIT Certification on Your Resume

Earning EIT certification is a huge accomplishment that you’ll want to list on your resume, LinkedIn, email signature, and more. Here’s how to showcase your EIT certification on your resume:

• Add EIT after your name in the header on your resume. 

• Example: John Smith, EIT
  

• Create a “Certifications” section on your resume and list your EIT certification, including your certification number (if applicable), the state where you got your certification, and the date you received it.

• Example: Engineer-In-Training certified #123456, New York, January 2022
  

• List EIT on your job title.

• Example: Civil Engineer-in-Training

How to Find EIT certification number

Looking for your EIT certification number? The first thing to note is that not all states issue an EIT certification number. This does not mean you have not obtained EIT status, just that your state does not issue a number along with the certification. States that do issue one may list the number somewhere on your EIT certificate. If you have misplaced your certificate, you can check your state engineering board’s website or call the phone number listed on their website to retrieve your EIT certification number.

What is the FE/EIT Exam?

The Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) exam is sometimes referred to as the EIT exam, or Engineer-in-Training exam. Colloquially, the FE exam and EIT exam are used interchangeably. Officially, the exam is referred to as the NCEES FE Exam and the certification you receive after passing the exam is called EIT (or EI, depending on your state). 

The FE exam is a 6-hour, 110-question exam. It is administered by the National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying (NCEES) year-round at Pearson VUE Testing Centers. The computer-based exam tests your understanding of fundamental engineering concepts and is offered in seven disciplines:

1. FE Chemical 

2. FE Civil 

3. FE Electrical and Computer 

4. FE Environmental 

5. FE Industrial

6. FE Mechanical 

7. FE Other Disciplines

Preparing for the FE Exam

Taking the FE exam can be intimidating, but with proper preparation, you can set yourself up for success. The perfect place to begin is the FE Learning Hub, which offers full online practice exams, a study plan to keep you on track for your exam date, and more. You can also visit PPI’s FE Exam Resource Center for more information and insights from industry experts. 

We know your time is valuable, so be sure to get the most out of your exam prep by following our six steps for successful NCEES FE exam prep. Preparing for the FE Exam is no small feat, but passing the exam elevates your career status and gets you one step closer to professional licensure.

What happens after I pass the FE exam?

Once you’ve passed the FE exam, you are officially considered either an Engineering Intern (EI) or an Engineer-in-Training (EIT). Congratulations! You may now be wondering what happens after you pass the NCEES FE Exam, including what your next steps should be. To receive an EIT certificate in the mail, you’ll need to send your transcript to the state board where you want certification. You’ll also want to gain work experience, network with colleagues, and study for the PE exam. 

Now that you’ve passed the FE Exam and earned EIT certification, you’re well on your way to becoming a fully licensed professional engineer.

Having a greater understanding of the NCEES FE exam will give better insight as to what you should bring on test day, and set proper expectations for what’s to come while taking the exam.

How Long is the NCEES FE Exam?

Knowing how long you’re going to be at the testing center will help you decide what you’ll need to bring. As a whole, you’ll be given six hours to answer 110 computer-based questions. The session begins with an eight-minute tutorial in which you’ll be instructed on what you can and cannot do before starting the FE exam, followed by a reading of the nondisclosure agreement (two minutes). During the exam, you’ll be given a 25-minute break where you can access your personal items in your locker, have a snack, or simply stretch your legs.

Bring Proper Identification to the NCEES FE Exam

When you arrive at the test center for your FE Exam, you will need to provide one of the following photo IDs:

• ID issued by a government entity in the country in which you are testing

• International travel passport in roman characters from your country of citizenship

• U.S. military ID

Your ID must be current and contain a signature. This is typically a driver’s license or passport. A student ID card is not acceptable for admittance. The first and last name on the photo ID must match the name on your appointment confirmation letter.

Bring Your NCEES Appointment Confirmation Letter to the FE Exam

NCEES recommends that you bring a copy of your appointment confirmation letter in order to speed up the check-in process. In most cases, Pearson VUE will email this to you, or you can download it from your MyNCEES account 2–3 weeks prior to the exam date.

Is the NCEES FE Exam Open Book?

Because the exam is administered via computer, you are not permitted to bring any books to the testing center. However, you will be provided with the NCEES FE Reference Handbook to search through during the exam. The Reference Handbook is updated on a regular basis, so make sure you’re using the most up-to-date version when you’re preparing for the FE exam.

Materials the Pearson VUE Test-Center Will Provide

The NCEES-approved Pearson Vue Test Center can provide you with a few items to bring into the exam if needed. These items include:

• Earplugs

• Noise-canceling headphones

• Tissues

• A reusable booklet and marker

Do You Need to Bring Writing Materials to the NCEES FE Exam?

Writing materials will be provided to you by the NCEES. They will give you a laminated notebook with a marker to take notes or to use as scratch paper during your exam. Try out the marker before the exam begins to ensure it’s functioning properly. If you need more space to write in your notebook, do not spend time erasing what you’ve already written. Instead, raise your hand and the administrator will provide you with another notebook.

What Items Can I Bring into the NCEES FE Exam Room?

Separate from the items provided to you by the NCEES, below is a list of personal items you may bring to the FE exam room.

• Your ID (same one used for admittance to the exam)

• Key to your test center locker

• One NCEES-approved calculator without a case

• Anything included on the Comfort Aid List, including bandages, braces, casts, unwrapped cough drops, inhalers, eye drops, and more

• Eyeglasses (without cases)

• Light sweaters or jackets

NCEES-Approved Calculators

The NCEES has guidelines for the kind of calculator you’re permitted to use during the FE exam. Those approved calculators include:

• Casio FX-115 and FX-991

• Hewlett Packard HP-33 and HP-35

• Texas Instrument TI-30X and TI-36X

What Items Should You Leave in the Locker During the NCEES FE Exam?

Typically, the test center will have lockers where you can keep your personal items that aren’t permitted during the test. Since you’ll be there for a little more than six hours, it’s wise to bring snacks and refreshments so you can refuel during the 25-minute break.

Depending on your situation, any of the following items may prove useful but should be left in your test center locker or your car.

• Cell phone

• Wallets

• Purses

• Hats

• Watches 

• Calculator batteries

• Contact lens wetting solution

• Spare calculator

• Spare reading glasses

• Loose shoes or slippers

• Eyeglass repair kit, including a small screwdriver for fixing glasses (or removing batteries from your calculator)

You may wear a watch during the test if you’re able to turn off any beeping functions. Similarly, it’s important to silence your cell phone and any other electronic devices stored in the testing locker. For more information on rules and recommendations for your exam day, check out the Pearson VUE Professional Examination Rules PDF. As your NCEES FE exam date approaches, make sure you’re taking advantage of the many resources in the PPI FE Learning Hub.

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• FE Chemical: 74%
• FE Civil: 73%
• FE Electrical and Computer: 73%
• FE Environmental: 79%
• FE Industrial: 70%
• FE Mechanical: 79%

• FE Other Disciplines: 75%

What reference material can I bring to the FE exam?

The Best Time To Take the FE Civil Exam

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The Best Resources for the FE Civil Exam

Motivation to Take the FE Civil Exam

Wrapping It Up

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Engineering Career FAQs Answered by TOTH & Associates

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How to Prepare for Engineering Licensure Now

Gather your study materials.

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You Can Do This

Step 1: Take the Fundamentals of Engineering FE Exam

Step 2: Network with Peers and Executives

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Step 3: Join Professional Organizations

Step 4: Research Potential Employers

Mechanical Engineering Job Opportunities

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Thinking about taking the FE exam? Download the Preparing for the FE Exam eBook.

Skills of Successful Electrical Engineers

• Communications systems: Engineers hone in on basic television, radio, and telephone technology, as well as the more complicated wireless and laser transmission technologies.
• Computers: Digital systems, microprocessors, and computer hardware design and manufacturing are highlighted.
• Integrated circuits and solid-state devices: Focus here is on new products for the gaming industry, home appliances, and navigation systems.
• Robotics: Concentration is on artificial intelligence, designing robotic arms, and ways to handle dangerous substances.
• Power systems: Attention is on designing power grids and maintaining generators, as well as making energy more efficient.

Electrical Engineering Job Outlook and Growth

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Electrical Engineering Job Opportunities

• Operate computer systems
• Create electrical schematics
• Confer with technical personnel to prepare designs or operational plans
• Discuss designs or plans with clients
• Design electrical equipment or systems

Environmental Engineering Degree Jobs

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Qualities of a Successful Environmental Engineer

• Good communication skills. Environmental engineers need to bring a team together, motivate them, and explain any issues coherently.
• Not afraid to get dirty. Many environmental engineers must be willing to get a little dirty when they confront situations and issues out in the field.
• Critical thinker. Common in most engineering jobs, critical thinking is the ability to articulate problems, identify C
• Collaborative. The best environmental engineers are open to hearing all sides of an issue in order to create the most effective, cost-efficient, and environmentally friendly solutions. They work with planners, hazardous waste technicians, and other engineers, as well as with specialists in law and business, to address environmental problems and environmental sustainability.

What Does a Mechanical Engineer Do?

• Designing cost-effective equipment
• Testing and evaluating theoretical designs
• Solving complex manufacturing problems with suppliers and customers
• Developing, testing, and evaluating theoretical designs
• Ensuring reliable product production 
• Managing projects
• Planning new production processes
• Dealing with issues such as cost, safety, and time constraints

What Does a Mechanical Engineer Work On?

• Automotive: car chassis, engines, transmissions, sensors
• Aerospace: airplanes, aircraft engines, control systems for airplanes and spacecraft
• Bio-technology: implants, prosthetic devices, fluidic systems for pharmaceutical industries
• Computers and electronics: disk drives, printers, cooling systems, semiconductor tools
• MEMS: sensors, actuators, micro-power generation
• Energy: gas turbines, wind turbines, solar energy, fuel cells
• Environmental: HVAC, air-conditioning, refrigeration, compressors
• Automation: robots
• Manufacturing: machining, machine tools, prototyping, microfabrication

What Jobs are Available for Mechanical Engineers?

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Industrial Engineering Education Requirements

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What Do Industrial Engineers Do?

• Scheduling and production. An industrial engineer reviews when production is slated, as well as the process flow. By being familiar with the manufacturing method, the industrial engineer can make informed suggestions on how to better utilize time and people assets.
• Cost containment. An industrial engineer with a financial background can develop management control systems that will streamline financial planning and cost analysis.
• Quality control. Production problems are costly. Not only do industrial engineers enact quality control measures, but they also design those systems to coordinate manufacturing activities and ensure products meet quality standards.
• Standardization. Sometimes, companies make or buy 20 different widgets for 20 different products when one universal widget could easily be created. An industrial engineer with deep knowledge of the manufacturing and design process can determine how to create standard parts that provide cost savings and assembly line efficiencies.

5 Famous Industrial Engineers

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Why Should I Take the Exam Now?

1. Industry Flexibility

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3. Civil Engineering Salary

4. Community Service

5. Creativity

• General section title
• Background and developmental content
• Equation name (or description) and equation number
• Equation with NCEES Handbook formatting
• Any relevant variations of the equation
• Any values typically associated with the equation
• Additional explanation and development
• Worked quantitative example using the NCEES Handbook equation
• Footnotes

Electrical Engineering Skills

Entry-Level Engineering Jobs

Engineering Analyst

Field Engineer

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Mechanical Engineer

Project Engineer

Computer Software Engineer